SS-31, also known as Elamipretide, is a synthetic peptide designed to target and protect mitochondria, the energy-producing structures within cells. It is primarily studied for its ability to improve mitochondrial function, reduce oxidative stress, and enhance cellular energy production. SS-31 works by binding to cardiolipin, a phospholipid found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, stabilizing its structure and preventing damage caused by reactive oxygen species. This protective action helps maintain mitochondrial integrity, which is critical for energy metabolism, cellular survival, and overall organ function, particularly in high-energy-demand tissues like the heart, muscles, and brain.
In the human body, SS-31 exerts its effects by optimizing electron transport within the mitochondria, improving ATP (adenosine triphosphate) synthesis, and reducing the formation of harmful free radicals. By restoring efficient energy production and minimizing oxidative damage, SS-31 supports cellular resilience and may help mitigate conditions associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, such as cardiovascular disease, neurodegenerative disorders, and age-related decline. Its unique mechanism of action makes SS-31 a promising therapeutic candidate for enhancing metabolic health, improving endurance, and protecting against cellular stress.
Reconstitution Protocol
- Diluent/Amount: 3 mL Bacteriostatic Water
Dosage Instructions
- Dosage Range: 3mg-5mg (30 units-50units)
- Dosage Frequency: 3x week
- Route: Subcutaneous
- Cycle Duration: 8 weeks ON, 3 weeks OFF
- Est. Bottles needed to complete Cycle: 1 Bottle
Notes
- Subcutaneous stomach or thigh injections
- Inject in a fasted state
- Stack on top of MOTS-C.
Peptides to stack with SS-31:
1. MOTS-c
A mitochondrial-derived peptide studied for its role in metabolic regulation and cellular energy signaling. It is often explored with SS-31 because both relate to mitochondrial health, but through different pathways—one improving energy signaling and the other supporting mitochondrial structure.
2. ARA-290
Targets the innate repair receptor, which is associated with reducing inflammatory signaling and supporting nerve and tissue repair. In research discussions it is sometimes paired with mitochondrial-supporting compounds when studying recovery and neuroprotective pathways.
3. BPC-157
Often studied for its potential effects on tissue repair, vascular signaling, and inflammation control. Its regenerative signaling pathways make it a frequent complement in recovery-focused research models.
4. GHK-Cu
A copper-binding peptide explored for its role in tissue remodeling, antioxidant signaling, and gene activation linked to repair processes. It may complement mitochondrial-focused compounds by supporting broader regenerative signaling.